only in iarc..
17 years ago
Monday, March 30, 2009
Tuesday, March 24, 2009
Tuesday, March 17, 2009
P-WEEK
Periphery is defined as the outer limits or edge of an area or object. This is similar to a boundary because it defines any limitations, interior & exterior, that is cut off by the space limited to the boundary.
A Portfolio is a large, thin, flat case for loose sheets of paper such as drawings or maps. Portfolios are very familiar to us because this is what we keep all of our past and present drawing s safe in. It helps keep them nice and adds a professional touch when transporting them from place to place.
Process is a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end. Our time in Interior Architecture is a huge process of turning into a designer.
Professional
Perspective
A Portfolio is a large, thin, flat case for loose sheets of paper such as drawings or maps. Portfolios are very familiar to us because this is what we keep all of our past and present drawing s safe in. It helps keep them nice and adds a professional touch when transporting them from place to place.
Process is a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end. Our time in Interior Architecture is a huge process of turning into a designer.
Professional
Perspective
Monday, March 2, 2009
macro:micro
This composition was one I drew randomly one night. I feel that its not just one object that makes a compostion, but what you choose to surround it. If I had just left this as plain feet on the page, they would not have stood out nearly as well. However, I chose to shade dark to light around the edges and in between the toes, etc. which helped to accent the piece as a whole and make a more life-like composition.
Porch:Court:Hearth. Invented in Greece, these three architectural structures were beginning to be incorporated in to every home to display a sense of order. The porch is the opening spot in the home; an area that welcomes guests and allows for a place of entry. The court is like a modern day living room, one where people gather for fellowship. The hearth isn't the focal point of the house but serves as a place of display. In ancient times this was the worship area, or altar, nowadays it is the bedroom or kitchen.
Last week in Suzanne's class, we studied different types of diagrams. Diagrams help break down an area to show the importance spaces in a building, traffic flow, and even environmental layout. In my assignment, I will be drawing a diagram representing hierarchy/gesture which helps show the areas that are most celebrated in the EUC.
Impression is defined as an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, esp. one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence. In looking at this piece, my impression was a warm, cozy feeling. The waterway and soft,warm colors give off a sense of peace and soothing atmosphere. Impression is key in the success of buildings and designs because it helps us as designers know how differently others might see our work.
Last week we did an exercise in Suzanne's class where we had to remember what we had for dinner the night before. Paying attention to detail was a key element to the success of this sketch. Even though this is a quick sketch, the viewer can clearly decipher what it was I had for dinner because I made it clear and to the point.
Overall, I think that this week was about making an impression. Taking an ordinary piece, something small and original; then transforming it into something more bold and eye-catching. Detail,impression,composition and diagram are all key elements to making a successful piece.
Porch:Court:Hearth. Invented in Greece, these three architectural structures were beginning to be incorporated in to every home to display a sense of order. The porch is the opening spot in the home; an area that welcomes guests and allows for a place of entry. The court is like a modern day living room, one where people gather for fellowship. The hearth isn't the focal point of the house but serves as a place of display. In ancient times this was the worship area, or altar, nowadays it is the bedroom or kitchen.
Last week in Suzanne's class, we studied different types of diagrams. Diagrams help break down an area to show the importance spaces in a building, traffic flow, and even environmental layout. In my assignment, I will be drawing a diagram representing hierarchy/gesture which helps show the areas that are most celebrated in the EUC.
Impression is defined as an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, esp. one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence. In looking at this piece, my impression was a warm, cozy feeling. The waterway and soft,warm colors give off a sense of peace and soothing atmosphere. Impression is key in the success of buildings and designs because it helps us as designers know how differently others might see our work.
Last week we did an exercise in Suzanne's class where we had to remember what we had for dinner the night before. Paying attention to detail was a key element to the success of this sketch. Even though this is a quick sketch, the viewer can clearly decipher what it was I had for dinner because I made it clear and to the point.
Overall, I think that this week was about making an impression. Taking an ordinary piece, something small and original; then transforming it into something more bold and eye-catching. Detail,impression,composition and diagram are all key elements to making a successful piece.
Unit Summary: Foundations
In the foundations unit, we focused on the history behind architecture; where it came from, and why it was designed the way it was. The foundations of Greek, Roman, and Egyptian architecture are what many designers resort back to today in making new structures. All of the areas we looked at dealt with bringing Heaven to Earth. The Egyptians built pyramids toward the Heavens, the Greeks built massive worship areas on hilltops (such as the acropolis) in celebration of certain gods, and in Rome, smaller designs were used such as the dome and labyrinth to acknowledge the importance of Heaven and celebrating it on Earth.
This class has been very influential so far in showing us as designers, the meaning behind many of todays popular structures. Knowing the history and 'foundation' behind a piece of architecture allows us to know what the designer was thinking and use tips for our own personal designs for the future.
This class has been very influential so far in showing us as designers, the meaning behind many of todays popular structures. Knowing the history and 'foundation' behind a piece of architecture allows us to know what the designer was thinking and use tips for our own personal designs for the future.
Friday, February 20, 2009
Voices
Presence is defined as the state or fact of existing, occuring, or being present in a place or thing.
Precedent is important in our history class as well as as all of our classes combined because it acts as a guide for future designs. Defined as an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.
A Moment can be anything related to a picture, drawing or building that gives off a certain feeling. More often than not, designers capture moments, rather than an entire environment as a whole so as to capture a specific feeling.
Duality is representative of something that may appeal unique from anything else, but in reality is similar in many ways. Its when two things seem to have nothing in common, but are really related to each other in ways that make them almost seem uniform.
Metric is defined as a system of measurement. We are constantly measuring in Stoel's drafting class because precision is very important when it comes to making plans of a building. This is a rough sketch of the crit room that we had to measure, then later draw a scale plan. In Roth (332), the Roman cathedrals "pushed masonry technology to its limits" in the way that the architects added oversize windows and flying buttresses; all of which were unique to the "normal" world of design at the time. Metric is extremely important to get an object exactly to scale, but it is sometimes necessary to play around with various measurements to get a plan that will suit.
Precedent is important in our history class as well as as all of our classes combined because it acts as a guide for future designs. Defined as an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.
A Moment can be anything related to a picture, drawing or building that gives off a certain feeling. More often than not, designers capture moments, rather than an entire environment as a whole so as to capture a specific feeling.
Duality is representative of something that may appeal unique from anything else, but in reality is similar in many ways. Its when two things seem to have nothing in common, but are really related to each other in ways that make them almost seem uniform.
Metric is defined as a system of measurement. We are constantly measuring in Stoel's drafting class because precision is very important when it comes to making plans of a building. This is a rough sketch of the crit room that we had to measure, then later draw a scale plan. In Roth (332), the Roman cathedrals "pushed masonry technology to its limits" in the way that the architects added oversize windows and flying buttresses; all of which were unique to the "normal" world of design at the time. Metric is extremely important to get an object exactly to scale, but it is sometimes necessary to play around with various measurements to get a plan that will suit.
Thursday, February 19, 2009
PA/Justification-building selection
My building is called the Casa Mila Barcelona. Constructed from 1906-1910 by Antoni Gaudi, it is currently located in Barcelona, Spain. Upon seeing this building for the first time, I can see why it would catch any architect's eye. It is very unique in style, wavy, like the ocean, and made of a rough chipped stone. At first site, it is very simple material-wise, but the Gaudi's ideas behind this piece are certainly something worth copying in the future. In researching this piece of architecture, I hope to find out more about the beginning thoughts of Gaudi while he planned this building. Also, in comparison to many square-type hotels, the Casa Mila Barcelona serves as a unique turn from the original.
Sunday, February 15, 2009
Parts:Whole
Archetype/Prototype/Hybrid. An archetype is a generic, idealized model of a person, object, or concept from which similar instances are derived, copied, patterned, or emulated. A prototype is an original type, form, or instance of something serving as a typical example, basis, or standard for other things of the same. In biology, hybrid has two meanings. The first meaning is the result of interbreeding between two animals or plants of different taxa. Hybrids between different species within the same genus are sometimes known as interspecific hybrids or crosses. Also, hybrid can be defined as a word that is composed of parts from different languages. However, all of these words are related in a way that they are all "part of something." They are results of a mixture, a concoction; and as a finished product, they are things completely unique from the original. They are meant to bring together pieces of a whole and make something unique, but beautiful in design. An example of this would be one of the Classical columns, such as the Corinthian, which is a compilation of the Doric and Ionic columns. Also, the romans relied on “Greek prototypes of the Hellenistic period for their inspiration.” (Blakemore 61). This is a prime example of how past architecture reflects our current designs today.
Source is defined as beginning: the place where something begins, or also, anything that provides inspiration for later work. Earlier last week Suzanne gave us an assignment of "drinking and drawing." I found, that by adding color to various places in the background, it really brought out the inspiration for the picture as a whole. The conversation, atmosphere, and overall "mood" of the place was expressed around the actual people and created a drawing with more life to it. We have been encouraged to look at various artists while we draw to get inspiration for our own pieces. Source is very important as a means of reference for us to explore new techniques.
An entourage is a drawing that contains not only the people, but people's surroundings and environment. The idea behind this is that the viewer really get a feel for the mood in the picture. The conversation, smells, and emotion of the environment should be conveyed so much that the viewer almost feels directly apart of the place that has been drawn. This picture below is from urban sketchers and drawn by Sharon Frost. Immediately looking at this picture I can feel the cold, and humble spirit from the old couple.
Hierarchy is defined as a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system. Hierarchy was common in Greek and Roman times. For example, the Parthenon exhibits an order of hierarchy built for the goddess Athena. Specifically set on top of the Acropolis, it represents an order of royalty and power because it stands out from the rest of the buildings. More importantly, the Acropolis in all its various parts serves as a place of "Housing a treasury of offerings to Athena (Roth 236)."
Order can be defined as logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements, or the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement. In design, order is extremely important as part of our everyday work. It is crucial that we keep track of our projects step by step to maintain an order in our various designs. The more order we have to our assignments, the more professional and precise our products will be. This picture below, drawn by Julianna Russo on urban sketchers really struck me as a piece with incredible order to it. It is perfectly put together in one piece even though it was originally drawn as two.
Overall, these words come together in the sense that everything has a beginning that later develops in to something more. Most of history has started as one thing and later become molded and developed into something more magnificant than its original copy.
Source is defined as beginning: the place where something begins, or also, anything that provides inspiration for later work. Earlier last week Suzanne gave us an assignment of "drinking and drawing." I found, that by adding color to various places in the background, it really brought out the inspiration for the picture as a whole. The conversation, atmosphere, and overall "mood" of the place was expressed around the actual people and created a drawing with more life to it. We have been encouraged to look at various artists while we draw to get inspiration for our own pieces. Source is very important as a means of reference for us to explore new techniques.
An entourage is a drawing that contains not only the people, but people's surroundings and environment. The idea behind this is that the viewer really get a feel for the mood in the picture. The conversation, smells, and emotion of the environment should be conveyed so much that the viewer almost feels directly apart of the place that has been drawn. This picture below is from urban sketchers and drawn by Sharon Frost. Immediately looking at this picture I can feel the cold, and humble spirit from the old couple.
Hierarchy is defined as a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system. Hierarchy was common in Greek and Roman times. For example, the Parthenon exhibits an order of hierarchy built for the goddess Athena. Specifically set on top of the Acropolis, it represents an order of royalty and power because it stands out from the rest of the buildings. More importantly, the Acropolis in all its various parts serves as a place of "Housing a treasury of offerings to Athena (Roth 236)."
Order can be defined as logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements, or the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement. In design, order is extremely important as part of our everyday work. It is crucial that we keep track of our projects step by step to maintain an order in our various designs. The more order we have to our assignments, the more professional and precise our products will be. This picture below, drawn by Julianna Russo on urban sketchers really struck me as a piece with incredible order to it. It is perfectly put together in one piece even though it was originally drawn as two.
Overall, these words come together in the sense that everything has a beginning that later develops in to something more. Most of history has started as one thing and later become molded and developed into something more magnificant than its original copy.
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
Speak-understand-opus-relate
Scale figures are very important in a drawing because it gives the environment "life." By adding scale figures, the buildings and environment become more real and specific to the actual thing. Roth says, “there are no truly straight lines anywhere…it is all a combination of subtle diagonals and curves.” (Roth, 240) This reigns true for a lot of pictures, but also for Greek architecture because the way they built their buildings is unique to the others. Every building plays off another so they have a sense of uniformity, but also each building is varied in height and importance which plays in to the idea of scale.
Unity is defined as integrity: an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting. Unity has extremely important in our design classes because it shows us what our projects and design have in common. We tend to think that our professors just give us projects and drawings on top of one another for no reason, but in reality, they all build on top of each other. They may not look the same on the outside, but they are related by concepts.
In drafting class we hear the word section a lot, but what is it really? Section is defined as a self-contained part of a larger composition. We tend to draw sections of an object to get a better grasp of it as a whole. When drawing something in section, you can really see the details and pick apart how the object was constructed. In studio, I had the Berlin Wall, and as pictured below; my drawing shows the wall as a whole, but my notes pick apart the "sectioned" time line of the history of the wall.
As shown below, this is an example of a vignette. A vignette is a photograph whose edges shade off gradually. Suzanne taught us this technique in class, and I find it very appealing. It doesn't always capture what is most important in an environment, but it captures an object that gives the piece life. By fading the picture, it allows the viewer to really focus in on the drawing rather than having to look to every corner of the page for details.
Unity is defined as integrity: an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting. Unity has extremely important in our design classes because it shows us what our projects and design have in common. We tend to think that our professors just give us projects and drawings on top of one another for no reason, but in reality, they all build on top of each other. They may not look the same on the outside, but they are related by concepts.
In drafting class we hear the word section a lot, but what is it really? Section is defined as a self-contained part of a larger composition. We tend to draw sections of an object to get a better grasp of it as a whole. When drawing something in section, you can really see the details and pick apart how the object was constructed. In studio, I had the Berlin Wall, and as pictured below; my drawing shows the wall as a whole, but my notes pick apart the "sectioned" time line of the history of the wall.
As shown below, this is an example of a vignette. A vignette is a photograph whose edges shade off gradually. Suzanne taught us this technique in class, and I find it very appealing. It doesn't always capture what is most important in an environment, but it captures an object that gives the piece life. By fading the picture, it allows the viewer to really focus in on the drawing rather than having to look to every corner of the page for details.
Friday, February 6, 2009
Tuesday, February 3, 2009
Material Concerns in Architecture & Design [Opus 2]
The term illuminate means to enlighten intellectually or spiritually; enable to understand. In design, illumination adds character to a piece. It allows the viewer to create their own personal feeling about the design. I sketched this piece one day after talking about all the various theme's of fairy tales my classmates had. The watercolor I added helped to really brighten the boldness of the black swirls, but it also helped the focus - 'Karma' remain the most important aspect of the drawing.
Commonly used phrases called idioms are a group of words which, when used together, have a different meaning from the one suggested by the individual words. This past week and continuing I've found that the proper idiom to describe my life currently is "so stressed I could pull my hair out." In reality, I won't pull my hair out because of my stress level, but the phrase helps to illustrate how busy I am. At times I feel like I can't get everything done that keeps getting assigned and I just want to pull my hair out because I can't possibly get it all done. However, the idiom describes my mood better than actually stressing so much I go bald!
Commonly used phrases called idioms are a group of words which, when used together, have a different meaning from the one suggested by the individual words. This past week and continuing I've found that the proper idiom to describe my life currently is "so stressed I could pull my hair out." In reality, I won't pull my hair out because of my stress level, but the phrase helps to illustrate how busy I am. At times I feel like I can't get everything done that keeps getting assigned and I just want to pull my hair out because I can't possibly get it all done. However, the idiom describes my mood better than actually stressing so much I go bald!
When talking about commodity, I found it to be something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage. In regards to us as IARC students, our daily sketches and plans compiled in our sketchbooks serve as a huge resource to us in monitoring our growth throughout the semester. My sketchbook is like a diary of my everyday ideas and thoughts expressed in drawings, sketches, and words. In History & Theory, we are currently exploring Egypt. The egyptians took great pride in burying their royalty with their most prized possessions in lieu that they may need them in the afterlife (Roth 201). Also important to the Egyptian culture was the water source of the Nile River (Roth 197) which not only allowed for trade, but as a predictable asset to the culture as a whole.
With every assigned project, firmness is very important because it influences the quality of craft. This is a sketch I drew in History of the "Wedding Rock" that is in Japan. Immediately I thought of this as an example of firmness in several ways. The rocks in general represent something solid, and stable. However, the rope connecting the two is also a symbol of strength and something not easily broken. In a more broad sense, the wedding rocks represent marriage; a symbol of something everlasting and true. Stonehenge (Roth 171-172) is also a piece of architecture that stands firm. Built thousands of years ago, this structure represents a milestone in architecture and design. Who would of ever thought that a series of three large boulders would create such a piece of "art" for designers to study for years to come.
Delight is nothing short of something that gives great pleasure or enjoyment. I drew this picture of Katie's artifact in class the day of the fashion show. At the time, it was just a simple black and white sketch. However, after implementing the watercolor into various parts of the sketch, I found my drawing to be much more pleasing to the eye. Delight is a very strong attribute of design. What grabs the viewers attention is what allows a product to sell. Not always an outward appearance, delight comes from within as well as on the outside. Roth defines this perceptual space as “the space that can be perceived or seen (Roth 55)." I believe delight is one of the most important aspects in architecture and design not only materially, but conceptually as well.
Something, such as an idea or information, that is to be refined and made or incorporated into a finished effort is also known as material. In this major, it is of utmost importance that we have a variety of materials , not only to draw with, but to build and create with. I find my most significant materials are my black pens. Each different in many ways, yes they all serve the same purpose, and that is "to draw," but they are unique from each other in the way that each pen creates its own affect to the drawing. A bold pen will make a statement; strong and firm, yet a thin tip pen will create precision and perfection.
All in all, this week has given me an idea for the basis of design. Commodity, firmness, delight, illumination, idiom, and material are all aspects of design that without one another, the object as a whole would be incomplete. All of these pieces work side by side to create a piece of architecture or an element of design that "works." Eliel Saarinen, (a finnish architect known for his influence on modern architecture in the United States, particularly on skyscraper and church design) said, "Aways design a thing by considering it in its larger context - a chair in a room, a room in a house, a house in an environment, an environment in a city plan." The same goes for the above words. Design so that all pieces work together with the whole. One aspect gets left out, the design will be incomplete.Pictures (as shown above):
http://myword.info/images/idiom_1a.gif
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6U3RviErtHl6CYgXrbUE3w3iM4xjwuO4zjM9zkNANYOhs_MeNkheUZWYuRmB1sbPXzRug1bpNLlFVL1-_iUdeb-RrtKvEvc0oDiNIxtv-R1AQrNWbSR7qVT9f7uVcfKyBaSbdInnEN2GE/s1600-h/411690HNFCL._SL500_AA280_.jpg
Wednesday, January 28, 2009
Communicate is to Design: as Tell is to Story [Opus 1]
The Nautilus Shell
Laugier - "The Primitive Hut"
A Midsummer Night's Dream
Notes/Sketches from Fundevogel Fairy Tale
1st "me" page of opus
Stories:
humanity
narrative
personal accounts
tales
memoir
culture
expressive
ideologies
record
generational
chronicle
legend
record
chain
cycle:
phase
repetition
deja vu
variety
chain
shift
order
recurring
set
series
sequence
process
alternating
rhythm
events
phase
multi-view:
speculation
utility
variance
vernacular
ever-changing
adjust
interpretation
expressive
assortment
adapt
alternating
decode
interpret
simplify
translation:
transfiguration
transformation
change
movement
expressive
progression
phase
alternating
artifact:
period
material aeon
patterns
man-made
history
antique
commodity
cultural symbolization
tradition
culture
representations
physical
delight
aged
heirloom
vintage
*This week has been very much about 'origin'. In History & Theory we began to disect the nautilus shell and the aedicule, or the "power of 3." In doing so, I realized how much importance they play in the world of design, as a foundation for ideas. The fairytales and beginnings of our opus allowed us to dig deep within ourselves and uncover Real meaning behind the things we look over each and everyday.*
[Readings]
- The Nautilus Shell image can be found: (Roth, 73-74)
- The image above, "Laugier- the primitive hut" comes from our discussion about the beginnings of the post & lintel, the aedicule, and the "power of 3". This can be found in our "Understanding Architecture" book: (Roth, 29-30)
- The basis for architecture, which helps understand design as a whole (commodity, firmness, delight) helped me put together all the different of what we're learning (Roth, 3)
Laugier - "The Primitive Hut"
A Midsummer Night's Dream
Notes/Sketches from Fundevogel Fairy Tale
1st "me" page of opus
Stories:
humanity
narrative
personal accounts
tales
memoir
culture
expressive
ideologies
record
generational
chronicle
legend
record
chain
cycle:
phase
repetition
deja vu
variety
chain
shift
order
recurring
set
series
sequence
process
alternating
rhythm
events
phase
multi-view:
speculation
utility
variance
vernacular
ever-changing
adjust
interpretation
expressive
assortment
adapt
alternating
decode
interpret
simplify
translation:
transfiguration
transformation
change
movement
expressive
progression
phase
alternating
artifact:
period
material aeon
patterns
man-made
history
antique
commodity
cultural symbolization
tradition
culture
representations
physical
delight
aged
heirloom
vintage
*This week has been very much about 'origin'. In History & Theory we began to disect the nautilus shell and the aedicule, or the "power of 3." In doing so, I realized how much importance they play in the world of design, as a foundation for ideas. The fairytales and beginnings of our opus allowed us to dig deep within ourselves and uncover Real meaning behind the things we look over each and everyday.*
[Readings]
- The Nautilus Shell image can be found: (Roth, 73-74)
- The image above, "Laugier- the primitive hut" comes from our discussion about the beginnings of the post & lintel, the aedicule, and the "power of 3". This can be found in our "Understanding Architecture" book: (Roth, 29-30)
- The basis for architecture, which helps understand design as a whole (commodity, firmness, delight) helped me put together all the different of what we're learning (Roth, 3)
Tuesday, January 27, 2009
Timeline
*1425 AD*
Institutions:
-Bahmani capital moved to Muhammadbad (Bidar)
-The Cooke Manuscript is written (masonry)
-"Holy Trinity" by Massacio (painting)
-Maya under Quicab dominate highland Guatemala
Governance:
-Egyptians gain control over Cyprus
-Rise of Bahmani dynasty in the Deccan
-Edmund de Mortimer, 5th earl of March and 3rd earl of Ulster, dies of plague in Ulster January 19 at age 33, ending the male line of Mortimers.
Commerce:
-In China, paper currency is worth only 0.025% to 0.014% its original value in the 14th century; this and counterfeiting of the copper coin currency will lead to a dramatic shift of using silver as the common medium of exchange.
Technology:
-1st genuine flintlock small arms created (musket)
*1425 BC*
Institutions:
-Crete conquered by Mycenae
-Bharata war
Governance:
-Egypt's Thutmose (Tuthmosis) III dies after a splendid 33-year reign. His son has ruled jointly for the past year and will reign alone until 1401 B.C. as Amenhotep (Amenophis) II, with successful campaigns in Judea and on the Euphrates.
-Israelites under the command of their prophet Joshua destroy the city of Jericho, which has stood since prehistoric times
-John VIII of the Roman Empire
Commerce:
Technology:
Institutions:
-Bahmani capital moved to Muhammadbad (Bidar)
-The Cooke Manuscript is written (masonry)
-"Holy Trinity" by Massacio (painting)
-Maya under Quicab dominate highland Guatemala
Governance:
-Egyptians gain control over Cyprus
-Rise of Bahmani dynasty in the Deccan
-Edmund de Mortimer, 5th earl of March and 3rd earl of Ulster, dies of plague in Ulster January 19 at age 33, ending the male line of Mortimers.
Commerce:
-In China, paper currency is worth only 0.025% to 0.014% its original value in the 14th century; this and counterfeiting of the copper coin currency will lead to a dramatic shift of using silver as the common medium of exchange.
Technology:
-1st genuine flintlock small arms created (musket)
*1425 BC*
Institutions:
-Crete conquered by Mycenae
-Bharata war
Governance:
-Egypt's Thutmose (Tuthmosis) III dies after a splendid 33-year reign. His son has ruled jointly for the past year and will reign alone until 1401 B.C. as Amenhotep (Amenophis) II, with successful campaigns in Judea and on the Euphrates.
-Israelites under the command of their prophet Joshua destroy the city of Jericho, which has stood since prehistoric times
-John VIII of the Roman Empire
Commerce:
Technology:
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